ssh讲解
一种安全的远程终端连接程序，他可以通过rsa等非对称算法进行加密数据。ssh 默认的端口是22
有密码的连接
ssh username@ip [-p port]ssh 无密码连接
1.创建ssh密钥，通过ssh-keygen -t rsa 可以创建一个2048位的密钥
[root@node-lvs-master ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
02:2b:c6:c7:f8:e0:1b:47:3b:f4:b7:3a:97:92:26:88 root@node-lvs-master
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| |
| |
| . |
| . o o |
| * * . S |
| o B o . |
| .o.= .... |
|E .+..=.o. |
| . o.=. |
+-----------------+2.在主目录的~/.ssh目录下游2个文件id_rsa 是私钥，*.pub是公钥
[root@node-lvs-master ~]# cd ~/.ssh/
[root@node-lvs-master .ssh]# ls
id_rsa id_rsa.pub3.远程到其他服务器，我们可以copy公钥过去，我们需要先安装openssh-clients
[root@node-lvs-master .ssh]# yum -y install openssh-clients4.然后执行ssh-copy-id username@ip -p port 输入密码后，类似如下
[root@node-lvs-master .ssh]# ssh-copy-id [email protected]
The authenticity of host '10.2.100.129 (10.2.100.129)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is f3:57:c2:9c:1a:b0:7a:2a:7d:cc:d1:7e:d5:eb:13:0a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.2.100.129' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:
Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '[email protected]'", and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.5.之后，你要远程目标服务器，就可以
[root@node-lvs-master .ssh]# ssh [email protected]
Last login: Fri Jan 6 19:02:51 2017 from 10.2.100.1
[root@node-nginx-1 ~]# 配置ssh服务
编辑/etc/ssh/sshd_config配置文件
[root@node-lvs-master .ssh]# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.80 2008/07/02 02:24:18 djm Exp $
# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.
# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a
# default value.
Port 65422 #修改端口
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
# Disable legacy (protocol version 1) support in the server for new
# installations. In future the default will change to require explicit
# activation of protocol 1
Protocol 2 #ssh的版本
# HostKey for protocol version 1
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
#KeyRegenerationInterval 1h
#ServerKeyBits 1024
# Logging
# obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
#LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
#LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin no # 禁止或允许root用户登录 yes为运行 no为禁止
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10
#RSAAuthentication yes
#PubkeyAuthentication yes
#AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # 在.ssh中执行cat id_rsa.pub >>authorized_keys
#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandRunAs nobody
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
#RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
#HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
#IgnoreRhosts yes
# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
#PasswordAuthentication yes
#PermitEmptyPasswords no
PasswordAuthentication yes #禁止或运行密码登录
# Change to no to disable s/key passwords
#ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosUseKuserok yes
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
#UsePAM no
UsePAM yes
# Accept locale-related environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE
AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS
#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
#X11Forwarding no
X11Forwarding yes
#X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
#PrintMotd yes
#PrintLastLog yes
#TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
#UsePrivilegeSeparation yes
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#ShowPatchLevel no
#UseDNS yes
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
# no default banner path
#Banner none
# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server
# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
# X11Forwarding no
# AllowTcpForwarding no
# ForceCommand cvs server##重启
/etc/init.d/sshd [restart|start|stop]
